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Warning Text %Warning Text 2>Warning Text 2 XTableStyleMedium9PivotStyleLight16`Contents#?Notes, Terms and Conditionswn DefinitionsFigure 1Figure 2G  Figure 3al Figure 3b_  Figure 4aE Figure 4bgFigure 5M Figure 6a Figure 6b' Figure 7aG Figure 7bRFigure 8~Table 1 Table 2( Table 3$ Table 4_ Table 5XTable 6,f@nsdata7semard2healthGeographyCustomer Requests - NationalJames BennettAugust 17finalfile.xls DefinitionTable 1Table 2Table 3Table 4Table 5Table 6_Order1_Order2 _xlfn.IFERRORfe<fe<fem<fem<female<female<# femaleimprove<# femaleimprove< femaletab< femaletab<ma<ma<male<male<malei<malei<! maleimprove<! maleimprove<maletab<maletab<mat<mat< < < *5 &! Winter seasonExcess winter deaths 1950/1951 1951/1952 1952/1953 1953/1954 1954/1955 1955/1956 1956/1957 1957/1958 1958/1959 1959/1960 1960/1961 1961/1962 1962/1963 1963/1964 1964/1965 1965/1966 1966/1967 1967/1968 1968/1969 1969/1970 1970/1971 1971/1972 1972/1973 1973/1974 1974/1975 1975/1976 1976/1977 1977/1978 1978/1979 1979/1980 1980/1981 1981/1982 1982/1983 1983/1984 1984/1985 1985/1986 1986/1987 1987/1988 1988/1989 1989/1990 1990/1991 1991/1992 1992/1993 1993/1994 1994/1995 1995/1996 1996/1997 1997/1998 1998/1999 1999/2000 2000/2001 2001/2002 2002/2003 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009 2009/2010 2010/2011 2011/2012 2012/2013 2013/2014 2014/2015 2015/2016Back to contentsFigure 1&Source: Office for National StatisticsDateNumber of daily deathsFive-year average daily deathsYearMonthMean daily deathsAugust SeptemberOctoberNovemberDecemberJanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJuly9Source: Office for National Statistics and The Met OfficeFigure 5 Week numberAll agesLower Confidence LimitUpper Confidence LimitSexAgeMaleFemaleCauseFigure 8England and WalesEngland North East North WestYorkshire and The Humber East Midlands West MidlandsLondon South East South WestWalesInjury & PoisoningTable 1Excess Winter DeathsTable 2Age Area Code E92000001 E12000001 E06000047 County Durham E06000005 Darlington E06000001 Hartlepool E06000002 Middlesbrough E06000057Northumberland E06000003Redcar and Cleveland E06000004Stockton-on-Tees E11000007Tyne and Wear (Met County) E08000037 Gateshead E08000021Newcastle upon Tyne E08000022North Tyneside E08000023South Tyneside E08000024 Sunderland E12000002 E06000008Blackburn with Darwen E06000009 Blackpool E06000049 Cheshire East E06000050Cheshire West and Chester E06000006Halton E06000007 Warrington E10000006Cumbria E07000026 Allerdale E07000027Barrow-in-Furness E07000028Carlisle E07000029Copeland E07000030Eden E07000031South Lakeland E11000001Greater Manchester (Met County) E08000001Bolton E08000002Bury E08000003 Manchester E08000004 E08000005Rochdale E08000006Salford E08000007 Stockport E08000008Tameside E08000009Trafford E08000010Wigan E10000017 Lancashire E07000117Burnley E07000118Chorley E07000119Fylde E07000120Hyndburn E07000121 Lancaster E07000122Pendle E07000123Preston E07000124 Ribble Valley E07000125 Rossendale E07000126 South Ribble E07000127West Lancashire E07000128Wyre E11000002Merseyside (Met County) E08000011 E08000012 Liverpool E08000014Sefton E08000013 St. Helens E08000015Wirral E12000003 E06000011East Riding of Yorkshire E06000010Kingston upon Hull, City of E06000012North East Lincolnshire E06000013North Lincolnshire E06000014York E10000023North Yorkshire E07000163Craven E07000164 Hambleton E07000165 Harrogate E07000166 Richmondshire E07000167Ryedale E07000168 Scarborough E07000169Selby E11000003South Yorkshire (Met County) E08000016Barnsley E08000017 Doncaster E08000018 E08000019 Sheffield E11000006West Yorkshire (Met County) E08000032 E08000033 Calderdale E08000034 E08000035 E08000036 Wakefield E12000004 E06000015 E06000016 Leicester E06000018 Nottingham E06000017 E10000007 Derbyshire E07000032 Amber Valley E07000033Bolsover E07000034 Chesterfield E07000035Derbyshire Dales E07000036Erewash E07000037 High Peak E07000038North East Derbyshire E07000039South Derbyshire E10000018Leicestershire E07000129Blaby E07000130 Charnwood E07000131 Harborough E07000132Hinckley and Bosworth E07000133Melton E07000134North West Leicestershire E07000135Oadby and Wigston E10000019 Lincolnshire E07000136Boston E07000137 East Lindsey E07000138Lincoln E07000139North Kesteven E07000140 South Holland E07000141South Kesteven E07000142 West Lindsey E10000021Northamptonshire E07000150Corby E07000151Daventry E07000152East Northamptonshire E07000153 Kettering E07000154 Northampton E07000155South Northamptonshire E07000156Wellingborough E10000024Nottinghamshire E07000170Ashfield E07000171 Bassetlaw E07000172Broxtowe E07000173Gedling E07000174 Mansfield E07000175Newark and Sherwood E07000176 Rushcliffe E12000005 E06000019Herefordshire, County of E06000051 E06000021Stoke-on-Trent E06000020Telford and Wrekin E10000028 Staffordshire E07000192 Cannock Chase E07000193East Staffordshire E07000194 Lichfield E07000195Newcastle-under-Lyme E07000196South Staffordshire E07000197Stafford E07000198Staffordshire Moorlands E07000199Tamworth E10000031 Warwickshire E07000218North Warwickshire E07000219Nuneaton and Bedworth E07000220Rugby E07000221Stratford-on-Avon E07000222Warwick E11000005West Midlands (Met County) E08000025 Birmingham E08000026Coventry E08000027 E08000028 E08000029Solihull E08000030Walsall E08000031 Wolverhampton E10000034Worcestershire E07000234 Bromsgrove E07000235 Malvern Hills E07000236Redditch E07000237 Worcester E07000238Wychavon E07000239 Wyre Forest E12000006 E06000055Bedford E06000056Central Bedfordshire E06000032Luton E06000031 Peterborough E06000033Southend-on-Sea E06000034Thurrock E10000003Cambridgeshire E07000008 Cambridge E07000009East Cambridgeshire E07000010Fenland E07000011Huntingdonshire E07000012South Cambridgeshire E10000012Essex E07000066Basildon E07000067 Braintree E07000068 Brentwood E07000069 Castle Point E07000070 Chelmsford E07000071 Colchester E07000072 Epping Forest E07000073Harlow E07000074Maldon E07000075Rochford E07000076Tendring E07000077 Uttlesford E10000015Hertfordshire E07000095 Broxbourne E07000096Dacorum E07000242East Hertfordshire E07000098 Hertsmere E07000099North Hertfordshire E07000240 St Albans E07000243 Stevenage E07000102 Three Rivers E07000103Watford E07000241Welwyn Hatfield E10000020Norfolk E07000143 Breckland E07000144 Broadland E07000145Great Yarmouth E07000146King s Lynn and West Norfolk E07000147 North Norfolk E07000148Norwich E07000149 South Norfolk E10000029Suffolk E07000200Babergh E07000202Ipswich E07000203 Mid Suffolk E12000007 E13000001 Inner London E09000007Camden E09000001City of London E09000012 E09000013 E09000014Haringey E09000019 Islington E09000020Kensington and Chelsea E09000022 E09000023 E09000025 E09000028 Southwark E09000030 Tower Hamlets E09000032 Wandsworth E09000033 Westminster E13000002 Outer London E09000002Barking and Dagenham E09000003Barnet E09000004Bexley E09000005 E09000006Bromley E09000008Croydon E09000009Ealing E09000010Enfield E09000011 Greenwich E09000015Harrow E09000016Havering E09000017 Hillingdon E09000018Hounslow E09000021Kingston upon Thames E09000024Merton E09000026 Redbridge E09000027Richmond upon Thames E09000029Sutton E09000031Waltham Forest E12000008 E06000036Bracknell Forest E06000043Brighton and Hove E06000046 Isle of Wight E06000035Medway E06000042 Milton Keynes E06000044 Portsmouth E06000038Reading E06000039Slough E06000045 Southampton E06000037West Berkshire E06000040Windsor and Maidenhead E06000041< WokinghamBuckinghamshireWycombe E10000011 East Sussex E07000061 Eastbourne E07000062Hastings E07000063Lewes E07000064Rother E07000065Wealden E10000014 Hampshire E07000084Basingstoke and Deane E07000085East Hampshire E07000086 Eastleigh E07000087Fareham E07000088Gosport E07000089Hart E07000090Havant E07000091 New Forest E07000092Rushmoor E07000093 Test Valley E07000094 Winchester E10000016Kent E07000105Ashford E07000106 Canterbury E07000107Dartford E07000108Dover E07000109 Gravesham E07000110 Maidstone E07000111 Sevenoaks E07000112 E07000113Swale E07000114Thanet E07000115Tonbridge and Malling E07000116Tunbridge Wells E10000025 Oxfordshire E07000177Cherwell E07000178Oxford E07000179South Oxfordshire E07000180Vale of White Horse E07000181West Oxfordshire E10000030Surrey E07000207 Elmbridge E07000208Epsom and Ewell E07000209 Guildford E07000210 Mole Valley E07000211Reigate and Banstead E07000212 Runnymede E07000213 Spelthorne E07000214 Surrey Heath E07000215 Tandridge E07000216Waverley E07000217Woking E10000032 West Sussex E07000223Adur E07000224Arun E07000225 Chichester E07000226Crawley E07000227Horsham E07000228 Mid Sussex E07000229Worthing E12000009 E06000022Bath and North East Somerset E06000023Bristol, City of E06000052Cornwall E06000053 E06000024North Somerset E06000026Plymouth E06000025South Gloucestershire E06000030Swindon E06000027Torbay E06000054 Wiltshire E10000008Devon E07000040 East Devon E07000041Exeter E07000042 Mid Devon E07000043 North Devon E07000044 South Hams E07000045 Teignbridge E07000046Torridge E07000047 West Devon E10000013Gloucestershire E07000078 Cheltenham E07000079Cotswold E07000080Forest of Dean E07000081 Gloucester E07000082Stroud E07000083 Tewkesbury E10000027 Somerset E07000187Mendip E07000188 Sedgemoor E07000189South Somerset W92000004 W06000001Isle of Anglesey / Ynys Mn W06000002Gwynedd / Gwynedd W06000003 Conwy / Conwy W06000004Denbighshire / Sir Ddinbych W06000005Flintshire / Sir y Fflint W06000006Wrexham / Wrecsam W06000023 Powys / Powys W06000008Ceredigion / Ceredigion W06000009Pembrokeshire / Sir Benfro W06000010!Carmarthenshire / Sir Gaerfyrddin W06000011Swansea / Abertawe W06000012,Neath Port Talbot / Castell-nedd Port Talbot W06000013Bridgend / Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr W06000014!Vale of Glamorgan / Bro Morgannwg W06000015Cardiff / Caerdydd W06000016%Rhondda Cynon Taf / Rhondda Cynon Taf W06000024Merthyr Tydfil / Merthyr Tudful W06000018Caerphilly / Caerffili W06000019Blaenau Gwent / Blaenau Gwent W06000020Torfaen / Tor-faen W06000021Monmouthshire / Sir Fynwy W06000022Newport / CasnewyddTable 3TotalTable 42 Deaths where the month of death is not known and/or not recorded on the death certificate are included in the total number of deaths, therefore the monthly deaths may not sum to the total. Copyright and reproduction 7www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licenceContact detailsOffice for National Statistics Government Buildings Cardiff Road Newport Gwent NP10 8XG #Special extracts and tabulations of mortality data for England and Wales are available to order (subject to legal frameworks, disclosure control, resources and agreement of costs, where appropriate). Such enquiries should be made to the mortality team, using the contact details shown above.Links to further information,Excess winter mortality in England and Wales InfluenzaTemperature dataMonthly temperature data for England and Wales can be downloaded from the Met Office website. Daily Central England Temperature data can be downloaded from the Met Office Hadley Centre website.Overview notes explaining the strengths and limitations of the data and providing more detail about how the figures are produced.FeedbackWe would welcome feedback on the content, format and relevance of this release. Please send feedback to the postal or email address above.ContentsPContact details, terms and conditions for reuse and links to further information DefinitionsDefinitions of terminology Figure 2The ONS standard method defines the winter period as December to March, and compares the number of deaths that occurred in this winter period with the average number of deaths occurring in the preceding August to November and the following April to July:Excess winter mortality indexConfidence intervalsZThe EWM index is presented with 95 per cent confidence intervals, which are calculated as:The lower and upper confidence limits form a confidence interval, which is a measure of the statistical precision of an estimate and shows the range of uncertainty around the estimated figure. Calculations based on small numbers of events are often subject to random fluctuations. As a general rule, if the confidence interval around one figure overlaps with the interval around another, we cannot say with certainty that there is more than a chance difference between the two figures.The user guide to mortality statistics provides information on how the underlying mortality data is collected and coded. It also gives information about data quality and legislation."User Guide to Mortality StatisticsE-mail: 8Mortality team, Health Analysis and Life Events DivisionEmail:CInformation Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DUJAny enquiries regarding this document/publication should be sent to us at:Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned.www.ons.gov.ukYou may re-use this information (not including logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence. To view this licence, go to: 2016/2017Oldham Knowsley Rotherham Bradford Kirklees Leeds Derby Rutland Dudley Sandwell Hackney Hammersmith and Fulham Lambeth Lewisham Newham Brent East K04000001 2017/2018Notes:Lower confidence limit Upper confidence limitu2 Five-year averages for each day are calculated using data from the previous five years, excluding the current year. /EWD = winter deaths - average non-winter deaths Figure 3a Figure 3b Figure 4a Figure 4b Figure 6b Figure 6a Figure 7a Figure 7bTable 5Table 6 2018/2019@5 Figures for England and Wales exclude deaths of non-residents. 63 Figures for England exclude deaths of non-residents. 43 Figures for Wales exclude deaths of non-residents. 0-7475-7980-8485-8990+ All causesPersons Shropshire E07000244 E07000245 E06000058 E06000059 E07000246: E40000009 E38000212 E38000215 E38000127 E38000130 E38000163 E38000176 E38000006 E38000008 E38000025 E38000044 E38000052 E38000064 E38000085 E38000225 E38000119 E38000121 E38000122 E38000141 E38000146 E38000188 E38000190 E40000010 E38000068 E38000091 E38000101 E38000161 E38000170 E38000172 E38000194 E38000208 E38000016 E38000024 E38000080 E38000217 E38000135 E38000143 E38000174 E38000182 E38000187 E38000205 E38000014 E38000015 E38000034 E38000050 E38000226 E38000227 E38000228 E38000200 E40000008 E38000051 E38000097 E38000201 E38000028 E38000229 E38000053 E38000126 E38000147 E38000153 E38000173 E38000175 E38000183 E38000220 E38000038 E38000046 E38000144 E38000164 E38000191 E38000195 E38000210 E40000007 E38000007 E38000010 E38000026 E38000030 E38000049 E38000079 E38000086 E38000102 E38000106 E38000107 E38000117 E38000168 E38000185 E38000197 E38000204 E40000003< E38000004 E38000020 E38000031 E38000035 E38000048 E38000070 E38000074 E38000077 E38000082 E38000084 E38000113 E38000138 E38000186 E38000192 E38000202 E40000005 E38000221 E38000223 E38000224 E38000059 E38000087 E38000118 E38000120 E38000136 E38000137 E38000154 E38000167 E38000178 E38000198 E38000021 E40000006 E38000222 E38000062 E38000230 E38000045 E38000089 E38000150 W11000023 W11000024 W11000025 W11000031 W11000030 W11000028 W11000029NHS North Tyneside CCGNHS Northumberland CCGNHS South Tyneside CCGNHS Sunderland CCGNHS Barnsley CCGNHS Bassetlaw CCGNHS Calderdale CCGNHS Doncaster CCG NHS East Riding of Yorkshire CCGNHS Greater Huddersfield CCG NHS Hull CCGNHS North East Lincolnshire CCGNHS North Kirklees CCGNHS North Lincolnshire CCGNHS Rotherham CCGNHS Sheffield CCGNHS Vale of York CCGNHS Wakefield CCGNHS Halton CCGNHS Knowsley CCGNHS Liverpool CCGNHS South Sefton CCGNHS Southport and Formby CCGNHS St Helens CCGNHS Warrington CCGNHS Wirral CCGNHS Bolton CCG NHS Bury CCG'NHS Heywood, Middleton and Rochdale CCGNHS Oldham CCGNHS Salford CCGNHS Stockport CCGNHS Tameside and Glossop CCGNHS Trafford CCGNHS Wigan Borough CCGNHS Blackburn with Darwen CCGNHS Blackpool CCG NHS Chorley and South Ribble CCGNHS East Lancashire CCGNHS Fylde and Wyre CCGNHS Greater Preston CCGNHS West Lancashire CCG'NHS East Leicestershire and Rutland CCGNHS Leicester City CCGNHS West Leicestershire CCGNHS Cannock Chase CCGNHS East Staffordshire CCGNHS North Staffordshire CCGNHS Shropshire CCG6NHS South East Staffordshire and Seisdon Peninsula CCGNHS Stafford and Surrounds CCGNHS Stoke on Trent CCGNHS Telford and Wrekin CCGNHS Coventry and Rugby CCGNHS Dudley CCG$NHS Sandwell and West Birmingham CCGNHS South Warwickshire CCGNHS Walsall CCGNHS Warwickshire North CCGNHS Wolverhampton CCGNHS Basildon and Brentwood CCG'NHS Cambridgeshire and Peterborough CCG!NHS Castle Point and Rochford CCG NHS Ipswich and East Suffolk CCGNHS Mid Essex CCGNHS North East Essex CCGNHS Southend CCGNHS Thurrock CCGNHS West Essex CCGNHS West Suffolk CCGNHS Barking and Dagenham CCG NHS Brent CCG$NHS Central London (Westminster) CCGNHS City and Hackney CCGNHS Ealing CCGNHS Hammersmith and Fulham CCGNHS Harrow CCGNHS Havering CCGNHS Hillingdon CCGNHS Hounslow CCGNHS Newham CCGNHS Redbridge CCGNHS Tower Hamlets CCGNHS Waltham Forest CCGNHS West London CCGNHS Fareham and Gosport CCGNHS Isle of Wight CCG(NHS North East Hampshire and Farnham CCGNHS North Hampshire CCGNHS Oxfordshire CCGNHS Portsmouth CCGNHS South Eastern Hampshire CCGNHS Southampton CCGNHS Surrey Heath CCGNHS West Hampshire CCGNHS Brighton and Hove CCGNHS Gloucestershire CCGNHS Dorset CCGNHS Kernow CCGNHS Somerset CCG'Betsi Cadwaladr University Health BoardPowys Teaching Health Board!Hywel Dda University Health Board%Aneurin Bevan University Health Board(Cardiff and Vale University Health Board E15000001 E14000554Berwick-upon-Tweed E14000569Bishop Auckland E14000574Blaydon E14000575 Blyth Valley E14000641City of Durham E14000658 E14000677 Easington E14000709 E14000733 E14000746Hexham E14000754Houghton and Sunderland South E14000765Jarrow E14000819 E14000820&Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland E14000831Newcastle upon Tyne Central E14000832Newcastle upon Tyne East E14000833Newcastle upon Tyne North E14000840 North Durham E14000853 E14000856North West Durham E14000891Redcar E14000915 Sedgefield E14000944 South Shields E14000970Stockton North E14000971Stockton South E14000982Sunderland Central E14001006 Tynemouth E14001014Wansbeck E14001020Washington and Sunderland West E15000002 E14000532Altrincham and Sale West E14000537Ashton-under-Lyne E14000543Barrow and Furness E14000559 Birkenhead E14000570 Blackburn E14000571Blackley and Broughton E14000572Blackpool North and Cleveleys E14000573Blackpool South E14000578Bolton North East E14000579Bolton South East E14000580 Bolton West E14000581Bootle E14000609 E14000611 Bury North E14000612 Bury South E14000620 E14000627Cheadle E14000637 E14000640City of Chester E14000646 Congleton E14000647 E14000653Crewe and Nantwich E14000661Denton and Reddish E14000686 Eddisbury E14000688Ellesmere Port and Neston E14000706 E14000708Garston and Halewood E14000725 E14000738 Hazel Grove E14000747Heywood and Middleton E14000758 E14000775Knowsley E14000776Lancaster and Fleetwood E14000785Leigh E14000793Liverpool, Riverside E14000794Liverpool, Walton E14000795Liverpool, Wavertree E14000796Liverpool, West Derby E14000802 Macclesfield E14000805 Makerfield E14000807Manchester Central E14000808Manchester, Gorton E14000809Manchester, Withington E14000825Morecambe and Lunesdale E14000870Oldham East and Saddleworth E14000871Oldham West and Royton E14000875 E14000877Penrith and The Border E14000885 E14000894 E14000897 E14000902Rossendale and Darwen E14000911Salford and Eccles E14000916Sefton Central E14000943 E14000958 Southport E14000967Stalybridge and Hyde E14000962St Helens North E14000963St Helens South and Whiston E14000969 E14000979Stretford and Urmston E14000987Tatton E14001010Wallasey E14001017Warrington North E14001018Warrington South E14001024 Weaver Vale E14001033 E14001037Westmorland and Lonsdale E14001039 E14001043 Wirral South E14001044 Wirral West E14001053 Workington E14001054Worsley and Eccles South E14001057Wyre and Preston North E14001059Wythenshawe and Sale East E15000003 E14000541Barnsley Central E14000542 Barnsley East E14000548Batley and Spen E14000556Beverley and Holderness E14000587 Bradford East E14000588Bradford South E14000589 Bradford West E14000596Brigg and Goole E14000614 Calder Valley E14000643 Cleethorpes E14000645 Colne Valley E14000666Dewsbury E14000667 Don Valley E14000668Doncaster Central E14000669Doncaster North E14000683East Yorkshire E14000689Elmet and Rothwell E14000716 Great Grimsby E14000723Halifax E14000724Haltemprice and Howden E14000730Harrogate and Knaresborough E14000740 Hemsworth E14000756 Huddersfield E14000766Keighley E14000771Kingston upon Hull East E14000772Kingston upon Hull North E14000773"Kingston upon Hull West and Hessle E14000777 Leeds Central E14000778 Leeds East E14000779Leeds North East E14000780Leeds North West E14000781 Leeds West E14000826Morley and Outwood E14000836$Normanton, Pontefract and Castleford E14000876Penistone and Stocksbridge E14000886Pudsey E14000895Richmond (Yorks) E14000903 Rother Valley E14000904 Rotherham E14000913Scarborough and Whitby E14000914 Scunthorpe E14000917Selby and Ainsty E14000919Sheffield Central E14000920Sheffield South East E14000921&Sheffield, Brightside and Hillsborough E14000922Sheffield, Hallam E14000923Sheffield, Heeley E14000925Shipley E14000928Skipton and Ripon E14000993Thirsk and Malton E14001009 E14001028Wentworth and Dearne E14001061 York Central E14001062 York Outer E15000004 E14000533 E14000535 E14000546 E14000577 E14000582Boston and Skegness E14000583Bosworth E14000607 E14000625 E14000632 E14000648 E14000660 E14000662 Derby North E14000663 Derby South E14000664 E14000695 E14000707 Gainsborough E14000710 E14000714Grantham and Stamford E14000728 E14000748 E14000769 E14000782Leicester East E14000783Leicester South< E14000784Leicester West E14000792 E14000797 Loughborough E14000798Louth and Horncastle E14000810 E14000814Mid Derbyshire E14000829Newark E14000843 E14000858 E14000861Northampton North E14000862Northampton South E14000865Nottingham East E14000866Nottingham North E14000867Nottingham South E14000908 E14000909Rutland and Melton E14000924Sherwood E14000929Sleaford and North Hykeham E14000935 E14000939South Holland and The Deepings E14000940South Leicestershire E14000942 E14001025 E15000005 E14000531Aldridge-Brownhills E14000560Birmingham, Edgbaston E14000561Birmingham, Erdington E14000562Birmingham, Hall Green E14000563Birmingham, Hodge Hill E14000564Birmingham, Ladywood E14000565Birmingham, Northfield E14000566Birmingham, Perry Barr E14000567Birmingham, Selly Oak E14000568Birmingham, Yardley E14000605 E14000610Burton E14000618 E14000649Coventry North East E14000650Coventry North West E14000651Coventry South E14000671 Dudley North E14000672 Dudley South E14000722Halesowen and Rowley Regis E14000743 Hereford and South Herefordshire E14000767Kenilworth and Southam E14000791 E14000799Ludlow E14000812Meriden E14000818Mid Worcestershire E14000834 E14000847North Herefordshire E14000849North Shropshire E14000854 E14000868Nuneaton E14000892 E14000905 E14000926Shrewsbury and Atcham E14000931 E14000945 E14000965 E14000966 E14000972Stoke-on-Trent Central E14000973Stoke-on-Trent North E14000974Stoke-on-Trent South E14000975Stone E14000976 Stourbridge E14000977 E14000985Sutton Coldfield E14000986 E14000989Telford E14000992 The Wrekin E14001011 Walsall North E14001012 Walsall South E14001016Warley E14001019Warwick and Leamington E14001029West Bromwich East E14001030West Bromwich West E14001035West Worcestershire E14001049Wolverhampton North East E14001050Wolverhampton South East E14001051Wolverhampton South West E14001052 E14001058 E15000006 E14000544Basildon and Billericay E14000552 E14000590 E14000594Brentwood and Ongar E14000603 E14000606 E14000613Bury St Edmunds E14000617 E14000622 E14000624!Central Suffolk and North Ipswich E14000628 E14000642Clacton E14000644 E14000693 E14000717 E14000729 E14000734Harwich and North Essex E14000739Hemel Hempstead E14000744Hertford and Stortford E14000745 E14000749Hitchin and Harpenden E14000757 Huntingdon E14000761 E14000800 Luton North E14000801 Luton South E14000806 E14000813Mid Bedfordshire E14000816 Mid Norfolk E14000841North East Bedfordshire E14000842North East Cambridgeshire E14000845North East Hertfordshire E14000848 E14000855North West Cambridgeshire E14000859North West Norfolk E14000863 Norwich North E14000864 Norwich South E14000878 E14000888Rayleigh and Wickford E14000899Rochford and Southend East E14000910Saffron Walden E14000933 South Basildon and East Thurrock E14000934 E14000937South East Cambridgeshire E14000941 E14000946 South Suffolk E14000949South West Bedfordshire E14000951South West Hertfordshire E14000952South West Norfolk E14000957 Southend West E14000960 E14000968 E14000981Suffolk Coastal E14000995 E14001021 E14001022Waveney E14001027 E14001034 West Suffolk E14001045Witham E15000007 E14000540Barking E14000549 Battersea E14000551 Beckenham E14000553Bermondsey and Old Southwark E14000555Bethnal Green and Bow E14000558Bexleyheath and Crayford E14000591 Brent Central E14000592 Brent North E14000593Brentford and Isleworth E14000604Bromley and Chislehurst E14000615Camberwell and Peckham E14000621Carshalton and Wallington E14000629Chelsea and Fulham E14000634Chingford and Woodford Green E14000636Chipping Barnet E14000639 Cities of London and Westminster E14000654Croydon Central E14000655 Croydon North E14000656 Croydon South E14000657Dagenham and Rainham E14000673Dulwich and West Norwood E14000674Ealing Central and Acton E14000675 Ealing North E14000676Ealing, Southall E14000679East Ham E14000687Edmonton E14000690Eltham E14000691 Enfield North E14000692Enfield, Southgate E14000696Erith and Thamesmead E14000701Feltham and Heston E14000703Finchley and Golders Green E14000718Greenwich and Woolwich E14000720!Hackney North and Stoke Newington E14000721Hackney South and Shoreditch E14000726 Hammersmith E14000727Hampstead and Kilburn E14000731 Harrow East E14000732 Harrow West E14000737Hayes and Harlington E14000741Hendon E14000750Holborn and St Pancras E14000751Hornchurch and Upminster E14000752Hornsey and Wood Green E14000759 Ilford North E14000760 Ilford South E14000763Islington North E14000764Islington South and Finsbury E14000768 Kensington E14000770Kingston and Surbiton E14000787 Lewisham East E14000788Lewisham West and Penge E14000789Lewisham, Deptford E14000790Leyton and Wanstead E14000823Mitcham and Morden E14000869Old Bexley and Sidcup E14000872 Orpington E14000882Poplar and Limehouse E14000887Putney E14000896 Richmond Park E14000900Romford E14000906Ruislip, Northwood and Pinner E14000978 Streatham E14000984Sutton and Cheam E14000998Tooting E14001002 Tottenham E14001005 Twickenham E14001007Uxbridge and South Ruislip E14001008Vauxhall E14001013 Walthamstow E14001032West Ham E14001036Westminster North E14001040 Wimbledon E15000008 E14000530 Aldershot E14000534Arundel and South Downs E14000536 E14000538 Aylesbury E14000539Banbury E14000545 Basingstoke E14000550 Beaconsfield E14000557Bexhill and Battle E14000576Bognor Regis and Littlehampton E14000586 Bracknell E14000597Brighton, Kemptown E14000598Brighton, Pavilion E14000608 Buckingham E14000619 E14000626Chatham and Aylesford E14000631Chesham and Amersham E14000633 E14000652 E14000659 E14000670 E14000680 E14000681 East Surrey E14000682East Worthing and Shoreham E14000684 E14000685 E14000694 E14000697Esher and Walton E14000699 E14000700Faversham and Mid Kent E14000704Folkestone and Hythe E14000711Gillingham and Rainham E14000713 E14000715 E14000719 E14000735Hastings and Rye E14000736 E14000742Henley E14000753 E14000755Hove E14000762 E14000786 E14000803 Maidenhead E14000804Maidstone and The Weald E14000811 Meon Valley E14000817 E14000821Milton Keynes North E14000822Milton Keynes South E14000824 E14000827New Forest East E14000828New Forest West E14000830Newbury E14000844North East Hampshire E14000852 North Thanet E14000857North West Hampshire E14000873 Oxford East E14000874Oxford West and Abingdon E14000883Portsmouth North E14000884Portsmouth South E14000889 Reading East E14000890 Reading West E14000893Reigate E14000898Rochester and Strood E14000901Romsey and Southampton North E14000907Runnymede and Weybridge E14000918 E14000927Sittingbourne and Sheppey E14000930 E14000948 South Thanet E14000953South West Surrey E14000955Southampton, Itchen E14000956Southampton, Test E14000959 E14000983 E14000997 E14001004 E14001015Wantage E14001023 E14001041 E14001042Windsor E14001046Witney E14001047 E14001048 E14001055 Worthing West E14001056 E15000009 E14000547Bath E14000584Bournemouth East E14000585Bournemouth West E14000595Bridgwater and West Somerset E14000599 Bristol East E14000600Bristol North West E14000601 Bristol South E14000602 Bristol West E14000616Camborne and R< edruth E14000623 Central Devon E14000630 E14000635 Chippenham E14000638 Christchurch E14000665Devizes E14000678 E14000698 E14000702Filton and Bradley Stoke E14000705 E14000712 E14000774 Kingswood E14000815Mid Dorset and North Poole E14000835 Newton Abbot E14000837North Cornwall E14000838 E14000839 North Dorset E14000846North East Somerset E14000850 E14000851 North Swindon E14000860North Wiltshire E14000879Plymouth, Moor View E14000880Plymouth, Sutton and Devonport E14000881Poole E14000912 Salisbury E14000932Somerton and Frome E14000936 South Dorset E14000938South East Cornwall E14000947 South Swindon E14000950South West Devon E14000954South West Wiltshire E14000961St Austell and Newquay E14000964St Ives E14000980 E14000988 Taunton Deane E14000990 E14000991 The Cotswolds E14000994Thornbury and Yate E14000996Tiverton and Honiton E14000999 E14001000Torridge and West Devon E14001001Totnes E14001003Truro and Falmouth E14001026Wells E14001031 West Dorset E14001038Weston-Super-Mare E14001060Yeovil W07000049Aberavon W07000058 Aberconwy W07000043Alyn and Deeside W07000057Arfon W07000072 Blaenau Gwent W07000068Brecon and Radnorshire W07000073Bridgend W07000076 Caerphilly W07000050Cardiff Central W07000051 Cardiff North W07000080Cardiff South and Penarth W07000079 Cardiff West W07000067Carmarthen East and Dinefwr W07000066'Carmarthen West and South Pembrokeshire W07000064 Ceredigion W07000062 Clwyd South W07000059 Clwyd West W07000070 Cynon Valley W07000042Delyn W07000061Dwyfor Meirionnydd W07000046Gower W07000077Islwyn W07000045Llanelli W07000071Merthyr Tydfil and Rhymney W07000054Monmouth W07000063Montgomeryshire W07000069Neath W07000055 Newport East W07000056 Newport West W07000074Ogmore W07000075 Pontypridd W07000065Preseli Pembrokeshire W07000052Rhondda W07000048 Swansea East W07000047 Swansea West W07000053Torfaen W07000060 Vale of Clwyd W07000078Vale of Glamorgan W07000044Wrexham W07000041Ynys MnNorth East and YorkshireNHS Newcastle Gateshead CCGNHS North Cumbria CCGNHS Bedfordshire CCG$NHS East and North Hertfordshire CCGNHS Herts Valleys CCG NHS Luton CCGNHS Milton Keynes CCG Area codeDExcess Winter Mortality Quality and Methodology Information documentpsi@nationalarchives.gov.uk>This document/publication is also available on our website at: Definitions:Excess winter deaths (EWD)#Excess winter mortality (EWM) index&EWM index 1.96 x (EWM Index / " EWD)2 Provisional figures for the latest winter are rounded to the nearest 100, figures for all other winters are final and are rounded to the nearest 10. 2 Provisional excess winter deaths (EWD) figures for the latest winter are rounded to the nearest 100, figures for all other winters are final and are rounded to the nearest 10. 3 The excess winter mortality (EWM) index is calculated as EWD divided by the average non-winter deaths, expressed as a percentage. 4 The lower and upper confidence limits form a confidence interval, which is a measure of the statistical precision of an estimate and shows the range of uncertainty around the figure. As a general rule, if the confidence interval around one figure overlaps with the interval around another, we cannot say with certainty that there is more than a chance difference between the two figures. 2 Provisional excess winter deaths (EWD) figures for the latest winter are rounded to the nearest 100, figures for all other winters are final and are rounded to the nearest 10. 4 The excess winter mortality (EWM) index is calculated as EWD divided by the average non-winter deaths, expressed as a percentage. 5 The lower and upper confidence limits form a confidence interval, which is a measure of the statistical precision of an estimate and shows the range of uncertainty around the figure. As a general rule, if the confidence interval around one figure overlaps with the interval around another, we cannot say with certainty that there is more than a chance difference between the two figures. 66 Figures for England exclude deaths of non-residents. 5 The lower and upper confidence limits form a confidence interval, which is a measure of the statistical precision of an estimate and shows the range of uncertainty around the figure. As a general rule, if the confidence interval around one figure overlaps with the interval around another, we cannot say with certainty that there is more than a chance difference between the two figures. Circulatory diseasesRespiratory diseases Dementia and Alzheimer's diseaseInjury and poisoning6 The lower and upper confidence limits form a confidence interval, which is a measure of the statistical precision of an estimate and shows the range of uncertainty around the figure. As a general rule, if the confidence interval around one figure overlaps with the interval around another, we cannot say with certainty that there is more than a chance difference between the two figures. 5 Injury and poisoning data is suppressed for the most recent year as the factors used on the provisional data do not provide accurate results for these causes as they greatly overestimate the true value so are marked as ':'. 3 Provisional excess winter deaths (EWD) figures for the latest winter are rounded to the nearest 100, figures for all other winters are final and are rounded to the nearest 10. @7 Figures for England and Wales exclude deaths of non-residents. vSource: Office for National Statistics and The Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre>Source: Office for National Statistics and Public Health Wales3 The excess winter mortality (EWM) index is calculated as EWD divided by the average non-winter deaths, expressed as a percentage. 4 The lower and upper confidence limits form a confidence interval, which is a measure of the statistical precision of an estimate and shows the range of uncertainty around the figure. As a general rule, if the confidence interval around one figure overlaps with the interval around another, we cannot say with certainty that there is more than a chance difference between the two figures. 5 Figures for England, English regions and Wales exclude deaths of non-residents. Figures for England and Wales combined include deaths of non-residents.  Area nameY3 Totals for all ages will not always be equal to the sum of their parts due to rounding. Y3 Totals for all ages will not always be equal to the sum of their parts due to rounding. .Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rate2 Influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates for England are presented from 2004 onwards as data back to this time point is deemed most reliable due to changes in coding in primary care increasing consistency. 2 The surveillance system used to calculate influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates in Wales changed between 2009 to 2010 and 2010 to 2011 so caution is advised when comparing rates before and after these periods. w2 Five-year averages for each month are calculated using data from the previous five years, excluding the current year. Yorkshire and the Humber East Suffolk#Bournemouth, Christchurch and PooleIsles of ScillySomerset West and TauntonDorsetInterpreting this data:71 Figures are based on deaths occurring in each period.4 The EWM index cannot be calculated when the number of EWD is equal to zero or when there are a negative number of EWD so are marked as ':'. 3 Provisional excess winter deaths (EWD) figures for the latest winter are rounded to the nearest 100, figures for all o< ther winters are final and are rounded to the nearest 10. As a result, some totals for persons and all ages will not always be equal to the sum of their parts. 2 Excess winter deaths (EWD) figures are final and are rounded to the nearest 10. As a result, totals for England and Wales will not always be equal to the sum of their parts. 2 Excess winter deaths (EWD) figures are final and are rounded to the nearest 10. As a result, totals for England and Wales will not always match the sum of their parts. *6 Figures exclude deaths of non-residents. 3 The excess winter mortality (EWM) index is calculated as EWD divided by the average non-winter deaths, expressed as a percentage. 6 The EWM index cannot be calculated when the number of EWD is equal to zero or when there are a negative number of EWD. In addition, the data is suppressed for the most recent year where the underlying cause of death is 'injury and poisoning' as the factors used on the provisional data do not provide accurate results for these causes and greatly overestimate the true value. Data in these scenarios are marked as ':'. This produces the number of EWD. Provisional EWD figures are produced for the most recent winter using special estimation methods, and so are rounded to the nearest 100 deaths. Final EWD figures for the previous winter are rounded to the nearest 10 deaths. For more information:,Quality and Methodology Information document1 Underlying cause of death data for the years 1991 to 2000 are defined using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) using 3900 to 4599 for circulatory diseases, 4600 to 5199 for respiratory diseases, 2900 to 2909 and 3310 for dementia and Alzheimer's disease and 8000 to 9999 for injury and poisoning. Underlying cause of death data for the      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrtuvwxyz{|}~ years 2001 onwards are defined using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) using I00 to I99 for circulatory diseases, J00 to J99 for respiratory diseases, F01, F03 and G30 for dementia and Alzheimer's disease and V010 to Y899 and U509 for injury and poisoning. The EWM index is calculated so that comparisons can be made between sexes, age groups and regions, and is calculated as the number of EWD divided by the average non-winter deaths, expressed as a percentage:!2 Provisional excess winter deaths (EWD) figures for the latest winter are rounded to the nearest 100, figures for all other winters are final and are rounded to the nearest 10. As a result, some totals for ages and totals for England and Wales will not be equal to the sum of their parts.  Area code dExcess winter mortality data, England and Wales, 2019 to 2020 (provisional) and 2018 to 2019 (final)\Number of daily deaths and five-year average daily deaths, England, August 2019 to July 2020 Crown copyright 2020health.data@ons.gov.uk,Deaths registered in England and Wales: 2019Registered deaths by age, sex, selected underlying causes of death and the leading causes of death. Contains death rates and death registrations by area of residence and single year of age.1 Figures are based on deaths occurring in each period (August through to the following July). Numbers of deaths from January to July 2020 are provisional, and have been adjusted to take account of late registrations.  2019/20203 Central moving averages were calculated using the winter period of interest, along with the two winter periods before and two periods after. I4 Figures for England and Wales combined include deaths of non-residents. 6 The International Classification of Diseases, tenth edition (ICD-10) definitions are as follows: coronavirus (COVID-19) (U07.1 and U07.2). 1 Figures are based on deaths occurring each day. Numbers of deaths from January to July 2020 are provisional, and have been adjusted to take account of late registrations. _Excess winter mortality index by sex and age group, Wales, 2018/2019 to 2019/2020 1,2,3,4,5,6,7R 2 Figures are based on deaths occurring in each period (August through to the following July). Numbers of deaths from January to July 2020 are provisional, and have been adjusted to take account of late registrations. 1 Figures are based on deaths occurring each week. Numbers of deaths from January to July 2020 are provisional, and have been adjusted to take account of late registrations. 1 Daily deaths data is based on deaths occurring in each month. Numbers of deaths from January to July 2020 are provisional, and have been adjusted to take account of late registrations. 1 Figures are based on deaths occurring in each period. Numbers of deaths from January to July 2020 are provisional, and have been adjusted to take account of late registrations. 46 Figures are based on boundaries as of August 2020. 2 Figures are based on deaths occurring in each period. Numbers of deaths from January to July 2020 are provisional, and have been adjusted to take account of late registrations. \1 Figures are based on deaths occurring in each month based on boundaries as of August 2020. dNumber of daily deaths and five-year average daily deaths, England, August 2019 to July 2020 1,2,3,4] bNumber of daily deaths and five-year average daily deaths, Wales, August 2019 to July 2020 1,2,3,4[ 46 Figures for Wales exclude deaths of non-residents. oMean number of daily deaths each month and mean monthly temperatures, England, August 2019 to July 2020 1,2,3,4h mMean number of daily deaths each month and mean monthly temperatures, Wales, August 2019 to July 2020 1,2,3,4f E06000060'Excess winter deaths excluding COVID-19+Five-year moving average excluding COVID-19'Excess winter deaths including COVID-19+Five-year moving average including COVID-197 The International Classification of Diseases, tenth edition (ICD-10) definitions are as follows: coronavirus (COVID-19) (U07.1 and U07.2). pExcess winter deaths and five-year central moving average, England and Wales, 1950/1951 to 2019/2020 1,2,3,4,5,6e Excluding COVID-19Including COVID-19s4 Figures are based on deaths from all causes excluding those that had COVID-19 mentioned on the death certificate. s7 Figures are based on deaths from all causes excluding those that had COVID-19 mentioned on the death certificate. aExcess winter mortality index by sex and age group, England, 2018/2019 to 2019/2020 1,2,3,4,5,6,7T c8 Figures are based on deaths excluding those that had COVID-19 mentioned on the death certificate. s5 Figures are based on deaths from all causes excluding those that had COVID-19 mentioned on the death certificate.s4 Figures are based on deaths from all causes excluding those that had COVID-19 mentioned on the death certificate.s8 Figures are based on deaths from all causes excluding those that had COVID-19 mentioned on the death certificate.  E54000049 E38000234 E38000247 E54000006Humber, Coast and Vale E38000241 E54000009South Yorkshire and Bassetlaw E54000005 E38000232 E54000008Cheshire and Merseyside E38000233 E54000007 E54000048 E54000017Birmingham and Solihull E54000016 E54000018Coventry and Warwickshire E54000019 Herefordshire and Worcestershire E38000236 E54000012 E54000015%Leicester, Leicestershire and Rutland E54000013 Lincolnshire E38000238 E54000020Northamptonshire E38000242 E54000014 E38000243 E54000011!Shropshire and Telford and Wrekin E54000010 E54000024 E54000021Cambridgeshire and Peterborough E54000025Hertfordshire and West Essex E54000026Mid and South Essex E54000022 E38000239 E54000023Suffolk and North East Essex E54000029 E54000028 E38000240 E54000027 E54000030 E38000244 E54000031 E38000245 E54000044/Buckinghamshire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire West E54000034 E54000042Hampshire and the Isle of Wight E54000032Kent and Medway< E38000237 E54000035 E38000246 E54000033Sussex and East Surrey E38000235 E38000248 E54000040 E38000231 E540000391Bristol, North Somerset and South Gloucestershire E54000036 E54000037 E54000041 E54000043 E54000038SomersetCumbria and North EastNHS County Durham CCGNHS Tees Valley CCG8West Yorkshire and Harrogate Health and Care Partnership$NHS Bradford District and Craven CCG NHS Leeds CCGNHS Cheshire CCG5Greater Manchester Health and Social Care PartnershipNHS Manchester CCG&Healthier Lancashire and South CumbriaNHS Morecambe Bay CCGMidlandsNHS Birmingham and Solihull CCG%The Black Country and West Birmingham(NHS Herefordshire and Worcestershire CCGJoined Up Care DerbyshireNHS Derby and Derbyshire CCGNHS Lincolnshire CCGNHS Northamptonshire CCG.Nottingham and Nottinghamshire Health and Care&NHS Nottingham and Nottinghamshire CCG Staffordshire and Stoke-on-TrentEast of England%Bedfordshire, Luton and Milton Keynes/Norfolk and Waveney Health and Care PartnershipNHS Norfolk and Waveney CCG'East London Health and Care Partnership(North London Partners in Health and CareNHS North Central London CCG-North West London Health and Care PartnershipOur Healthier South East LondonNHS South East London CCG-South West London Health and Care PartnershipNHS South West London CCGNHS Berkshire West CCGNHS Buckinghamshire CCGFrimley Health and Care ICSNHS East Berkshire CCGNHS Kent and MedwayCCG-Surrey Heartlands Health and Care PartnershipNHS Surrey Heartlands CCGNHS East Sussex CCGNHS West Sussex CCG3Bath and North East Somerset, Swindon and Wiltshire9NHS Bristol, North Somerset and South Gloucestershire CCGCCornwall and the Isles of Scilly Health and Social Care Partnership NHS Devon CCG#Swansea Bay University Health Board)Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health BoardNHS North Yorkshire CCG;NHS Bath and North East Somerset, Swindon and Wiltshire CCG7 871 Figures are based on deaths occurring in each period. dExcess winter deaths and five-year central moving average, England and Wales, 1950/1951 to 2019/2020ZNumber of daily deaths and five-year average daily deaths, Wales, August 2019 to July 2020SExcess winter mortality index by sex and age group, England, 2018/2019 to 2019/2020QExcess winter mortality index by sex and age group, Wales, 2018/2019 to 2019/2020gMean number of daily deaths each month and mean monthly temperatures, England, August 2019 to July 2020eMean number of daily deaths each month and mean monthly temperatures, Wales, August 2019 to July 2020 Coronavirus (COVID-19) deaths are those deaths registered in England and Wales where COVID-19 was mentioned on the death certificate. A doctor can certify the involvement of COVID-19 based on symptoms and clinical findings  a positive test result is not required. Coronavirus (COVID-19)oWeekly deaths and influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates per 100,000 population, England, 2004 to 2020mWeekly deaths and influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates per 100,000 population, Wales, 1999 to 2020LExcess winter mortality index for regions of England and in Wales, 2019/2020SExcess winter mortality index by country, England and Wales, 1991/1992 to 2019/2020qExcess winter mortality index by underlying cause of death and country, England and Wales, 2018/2019 to 2019/2020{Excess winter mortality by sex, age group, underlying cause of death and country, England and Wales, 1991/1992 to 2019/2020VNumber of deaths by month, sex, age group, region and country, England and Wales, 2019WExcess winter mortality by local authorities, England and Wales, 1991/1992 to 2018/2019vExcess winter mortality by English Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCG) and Welsh Health Boards, 1991/1992 to 2018/2019bExcess winter mortality by parliamentary constituencies, England and Wales, 1991/1992 to 2018/2019Notes, Terms and ConditionsDThe above link provides the latest figures from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) on excess winter mortality in England and Wales. Figures are presented by cause of death, sex, age and lower geographical breakdown. Additional figures comparing winter mortality to temperature and seasonal influenza are also provided.{Information on seasonal influenza from Public Health England (PHE). This webpage includes links to PHE's weekly flu report.2EWM index = EWD/average of non-winter deaths x 100|For example, an EWM index of 20 shows that there were 20 per cent more deaths in winter compared with the non-winter period.aExcess winter mortality index by country, England and Wales, 1991/1992 to 2019/2020 1,2,3,4,5,6,7T )6 Figures excluding COVID-19 have been calculated using all cause deaths that did not have COVID-19 mentioned on the death certificate. Alternatively, figures including COVID-19 have been calculated using deaths from all causes including those that had COVID-19 mentioned on the death certificate. )5 Figures excluding COVID-19 have been calculated using all cause deaths that did not have COVID-19 mentioned on the death certificate. Alternatively, figures including COVID-19 have been calculated using deaths from all causes including those that had COVID-19 mentioned on the death certificate. Excess winter mortality index by underlying cause of death and country, England and Wales, 2018/2019 to 2019/2020 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8r  1 The International Classification of Diseases, tenth edition (ICD-10) definitions are as follows: circulatory diseases (I00 to I99), respiratory diseases (J00-J99), dementia and Alzheimer s disease (F01, F03 and G30) and injury and poisoning (V010 to Y899 and U509). yWeekly deaths and influenza-like illness (ILI) consultation rates per 100,000 population, England, 2004 to